As the most complex manufactured structures, cities face excessive population growth. Their expansion has intensified on high-risk sites, and the available evidence also indicates the continuous increase of all types of natural crises in terms of intensity and frequency. Scientific and experimental findings show that the best way to deal with danger is to promote the resilience of settlements in different dimensions (social, economic-livelihood, physical-spatial and institutional); in other words, resilience in both human and environmental dimensions comprehensively. It decreases and increases. This research has evaluated and analyzed the components of resilience in Sari. The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and field in nature. The statistical population in this research includes citizens living in the four districts of Sari, and the sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula of 383 people, who were selected from among the statistical population by stratified sampling. The questionnaire is the method of collecting library and field information and its most important tool. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test and structural equation modeling) were used by SPSS and Smart PLS software, and entropy and SAW models were exerted. The research results indicate that the situation of the four regions of Sari regarding social components has better conditions than other dimensions of resilience. In terms of institutional components, they have a vulnerable state. According to the entropy model, among the components of resilience, the institutional dimension has the most weight, and the economic dimension has the least weight. Moreover, according to the SAV model, Region 1 ranks first, and Region 3 of Sari ranks last in having the components of resilience dimensions.

Cities are constantly exposed to new hazards and hazards due to their constant changes and dynamics, which require appropriate methods and patterns to deal with and manage these disasters. In fact, cities need to reach a resilient level in their various dimensions and it is very necessary to examine them in the institutional dimension. The purpose of this article is to investigate the institutional resilience in the management of urban accidents in the country. The type of paper is descriptive-analytical and it is applied in terms of purpose. In this study, dematel technique was used for analysis. The results show that among the components, the most influential and performance indicators are the most effective indicators. On the other hand, among the indicators of infrastructure, the status of infrastructure in urban disaster management and improvement of the most effective index and standard zoning and construction of the most effective index, among the indicators of relationships, continuity and sustainability index of operational plans except the most effective and the level of coordination of institutions is the most effective and finally. Among the performance indicators, the extent to which organizations and institutions address the needs of citizens at the time of urban disasters are the most influential and finally the success rate of the performance of organizations in the urban disasters are the most influential indicators.

Earthquakes have always been one of the most dangerous and important natural hazards that always threaten cities. The consequences of earthquakes affect the society both in terms of frequency and damages. Community resilience provides a conceptual framework for measuring the ability of society to deal with changes and emergency situations. The main goal of this research is to analyze the state of institutional resilience of Kermanshah metropolis against earthquake risk. The statistical population is the residents of Kermanshah city, and to determine the sample size, 385 people were determined based on Cochran's formula, and the sample was selected using the stratified sampling method. Also, the documentary method and library studies have been used to compile theoretical foundations and viewpoints and a questionnaire to collect data related to the institutional resilience of Kermanshah city. GIS, SPSS, CODAS model and CV method have been used for experimenting and analyzing data and information. results show, There is a significant difference in all components at the 0. 95 level and in some componentsThe average is higher than the average value of three and in some components it is lower than the average value of three. Also, the results of the Cudas model show, Regions eight and seven in the first and second ranks and in relatively good condition, Regions one and four in the third and fourth levels and in the middle status and regions, 2, 3, 6 and 5 are ranked 5th to 8th respectively and are in poor condition and the biggest difference and inequality is related to the component of how much government and local institutions (council and municipality) have planned to prevent the consequences and damages caused by the earthquake.

The hazards that occur around the world reflect the vulnerability of our built environment and reflect the unfortunate consequences of catastrophes. Therefore, as crises increase, urban and regional resilience to natural and human hazards has received special attention. As the aim of the study, the dimensions of economic and institutional resilience in akbarabad and beheshtabad neighborhoods of izeh city were measured against floods. The present research is based on library studies and field studies in terms of development-applied purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical methodology. To achieve the objectives of the research, indicators in two sections and 11 categories include (knowledge and knowledge, skills, organizational performance, trust, institutional context, institutional relationships, institutional performance, the amount of damage, the ability to compensate, return to normal and insurance disasters) were extracted. To discover the pattern trend for classification of flood resilience indices, one-sample t-test, independent t-test and friedman test were used. The heads of households living in these neighborhoods were selected and a standard questionnaire was distributed among them. Then, to investigate the effects of flood resistance in the studied areas, regression tools and indicators (therapeutic, hospital, arterial route, fire, type of construction) are used, and also to weight the studied indicators and spatial data, the method of spatial correlation. The weights manager tool in geoda software and the arcgis software environment were used. The results show that significant parts of this texture of the two approved flood-prone neighborhoods in the city of izeh are in very weak and weak resilience periods. Analytical results of approved neighborhoods show that access to firefighting and crisis management centers, medical centers and hospitals, as well as the location of izeh city, especially akbarabad and beheshtabad neighborhoods need to be reviewed in the priorities of the study.

Purpose: Resilience in start-ups is a challenging issue that has caught the attention of policymakers and business owners. The present study is an attempt to provide a model for designing the resilience model of start-up businesses as a path to the future of start-up businesses. Method: This research is practical in terms of purpose and from the perspective of data collection is a qualitative research that has been done by content analysis method. The data collection method is semi-structured interview. Interviews with participants continued until they reached the theoretical saturation point, which was achieved by conducting 15 interviews. Participants were selected by snowball and purposeful method and data analysis was done through three coding steps (open, axial, selective) with MAXQDA2020 software. Findings: Based on the research results, the components of "cognitive resilience, financial resilience, adaptive resilience" as well as the effective organizational factors of "precedent, drivers and boys and resilience consequences" were identified. In this research, foresight and futures studies were identified as the drivers of resilience of start-up businesses. Conclusion: Resilience enables businesses to respond effectively to the dynamic conditions of their environment and maximize their competencies through strategic foresight and as a result gain more value than their competitors in the field of business. In this regard, the integration of foresight in the process of business resilience can be suggested as a facilitator of drivers.

After the 1970s, climate change and sustainability have become the biggest challenges of the present age, especially in cities. The approach of urban resilience in response to climate change is one of the most important solutions to deal with this issue, which is discussed under the title of climate resilience. This research has been conducted with the aim of evaluating and measuring the institutional resilience of 15 districts of Isfahan city against climate change with an institutional approach. The present study is considered as an applied study in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical research in terms of method. Library, field and questionnaire methods have been used to collect the required information and data. The three main dimensions of the institutional framework, institutional relations and institutional performance, have been evaluated to evaluate the level of resilience indicators. The ANP network analysis process has been used to determine the relative importance of the studied criteria and the Prometheus and Gaia model has been used to determine the resilience of regions against climate change. According to the results of the research, districts 9, 4, 3, 2 have a very favorable situation in terms of resilience against climate change from an institutional point of view, districts 5 and 6 have high resilience, districts 13, 7 and 12 have medium resilience, districts 11, 15 and 1, have weak resilience and districts 10, 8 and 14 are ranked last, and are among the most deprived regions in terms of having resilience indicators against climate change from an institutional perspective. the results of this study show that Isfahan city is exposed to climate changes, and due to its location in a dry region and changing its climate to semi-arid in recent years, it can affect the urban system and its residents. Finally, it can be said that Isfahan is not a stable city against climate change, and if the current situation continues, it will not be able to withstand climate change in the future. Extended Abstract 1-Introduction Today, climate change as the mother of possible natural disasters is no longer far-fetched, but is a current reality, in such a way that the damages caused by floods and storms have been repeated in these years, especially in cities where a lot of population and capitals have been accumulated. Cities are the main actors in climate change, therefore urban centers should be prepared with appropriate tools to encounter the effects of climate change. One of the most important ideas that has been proposed in the current decade in both crisis management and urban management is creation of resilient and resistant cities against different crises. Urban resilience is a potential to respond to urban systems before the disasters and after the crises occurrence. Resilience indices in combination with climate solutions (especially climate adaptation) have the ability to deal with the effects of climate change. Considering the special features of the megalopolis of Isfahan, including being the capital of the province, more concentration of administrative and economic centers of the province, the presence of timeworn and dense structures, the presence of the critical water basin of Zayandeh Rood, etc., this city is exposed to the dangers caused by the occurrence of horrible climatic hazards. Therefore, this necessity is seriously felt to measure the resilience of Isfahan city using different methods and models in order to take an effective step to reduce the damages caused by climate change and to make the city resilient by identifying the effective components in increasing the resilience of the studied area. More precisely, the goal of this study is evaluating and measuring the institutional resilience of the 15 districts of Isfahan city against climate change. In order to achieve the goal, the current study seeks to answer the following question: In terms of resilience against climate change, in what situations are the different regions of Isfahan city? and how much resilient are they? 2-Materials and Methods This research is of applied type and has used the analytical-descriptive method for investigating the studied parameters. The statistical population includes residents of 15 districts of Isfahan city, experts and connoisseurs. To evaluate institutional resilience indices, three main indices of institutional base, institutional relations and institutional performance were used in the form of 18 indices which were collected through a questionnaire at 15 districts of Isfahan city. In order to express the relative importance of each of the indices, Analytical Network Process (ANP) has been used. In this research, Super Decisions software was used to determine the indices, Visual PROMETHEE software was used to run the model, and GIS software was used to draw the output. The model used for data analysis is Promethee multi-criteria decision making model and Gaia analysis. 3-Results and Discussion The average annual temperature at this station in 1979 was 23. 34 degrees Celsius, which has reached 24. 44 degrees Celsius in 2020. Therefore, according to statistical analysis, the annual temperature at this station has been increasing from 1979 to 2020, also, the average amount of summer and winter rainfall in Isfahan city has decreased during 1979-2020. The ranking of the 15 districts of Isfahan city in terms of resilience against climate change based on the Prometheus model shows that regions 9, 4, 3, 2 ranked first to fourth with scores of 0. 1296, 0. 1074, 0. 0267 and 0. 0254 respectively. These districts have a very favorable situation in terms of resilience against climate change. Districts 5 and 6 have high resilience by obtaining net flow of 0. 0133 and 0. 0109, respectively. Districts 13, 7, and 12 have a moderate resilience status with a net flow of 0. 0067, 0. 0024, and 0. 0022. Districts 11, 15, and 1 have a weak resilience status with a net flow of-0. 0187,-0. 281, and-0. 0390, respectively. Districts 10, 8, and 14 are in the last rank with gross flow of-0. 0524,-0. 0802, and-0. 1062, respectively, and are among the most deprived districts in terms of institutional resilience against climate change. According to PROMETHEE arc pattern, the 14th district of Isfahan city has the most weak indices (-1). In other words, only three indices of the responsibility of governmental organizations in times of crisis (X6), officials' planning to prevent the consequences and damages caused by climate change (X7) and the cooperation of local organizations in providing the necessary trainings to deal with climate change regularly. In schools and other institutions (X11), are in the strong part (1+) of the arc pattern. The rest of the variables are placed in the weak area (-1) of the arc pattern. Regionally, in the city of Isfahan, region 14 has the most negative structure (-1) and region 4 has the most positive structure (+1) in the arc pattern. Also, in districts 4 and 9, all indices are in a positive position, and these two districts are more resilient to climate changes compared to other districts. 4-Conclusion Generally, the results of this study show that Isfahan city is exposed to climate changes, and due to its location in a dry region and changing its climate to semi-arid in recent years, it can affect the urban system and its residents. The evidence shows that in recent years, Isfahan city has suffered unplanned and unregulated development, which has caused it to have weak climate resilience and great vulnerability to natural hazards. It can also be said that in most districts of Isfahan city, non-serious and far-fetched attitude towards the category of climate change from the residents, existing weaknesses in informing the relevant organizations about the necessary trainings in the field of preparation to deal with climate change, lack of attention to specific groups in the category of dealing with climate change, lack of trust in institutions related to the climate change issue and unresponsiveness of service institutions have reduced the resilience of the Isfahan city against climate change, especially in marginal and less privileged districts, so that inattention and inattention to the issue of climate change can lead to many physical and human injuries in the future, especially in these districts and at the top of them, district 14. Finally, it can be said that Isfahan is not a stable city against climate change, and if the current situation continues, it will not be able to withstand climate change in the future.

The high rates of financial and human loss in natural disasters (particularly in recent decades) have led various countries and organizations to seek effective theories in that regard. Since 2005 (the Hugo Summit), the issue of resilience has been pursued seriously, addressing the idea of empowering cities to perform better in the event of an accident. Iran is a country where a large number of natural disasters occur, and the city of Qazvin is at constant risk of severe earthquakes, as indicated by research, due to the crossing of dangerous pressure faults in its northern part. In Iran, particularly in Qazvin, urban management has delegated responsibility for addressing disasters to a "crisis management headquarters. " Given that the structure of the headquarters in Qazvin is similar to those of similar entities in cities with unsuccessful backgrounds of performance in addressing earthquakes in recent years, the main issue in this regard is how to change the structure of the headquarters so that it can perform more favorably upon earthquakes. This descriptive-analytical research considered the proposed headquarters structures and models as described in the UN documentations and those of countries having addressed such events successfully. Moreover, the variables and indicators examined in investigation of institutional resilience were identified. Qazvin’ s crisis management headquarters was regarded as a dependent variable influenced by a number of independent variables, and its success depended on the conditions of those variables. In the analysis of the findings, the required factors were first identified according to the conditions of Qazvin through assessment of the variables and indicators using CVR (the content validity ratio). A survey was conducted of 30 urban planning experts, in which a total of 9 variables and 9 indicators were selected to obtain institutional resilience. A questionnaire was then prepared in the format of the Likert scale, where the questions were based on the tasks specified by the law for the different working groups at the headquarters and categorized on that basis, with the variable and the target index for each question specified. After a survey of 110 urban planning experts, the data were analyzed using SPSS. Using a Student’ s t-test, the variables were assessed with different indicators for the headquarters under investigation. The results indicated a lack of concern for the 9 effective variables. Furthermore, a comparison of the structure of the headquarters to the models in use around the world demonstrated that it consisted of only two parts, including operating and administrative forces, unlike the successful models, which are composed of four main parts. It was also found that the above two departments of course need organizational reform. Thus, the headquarters needed to consider three measures to achieve institutional resilience. Firstly, the structure needed to be reformed to address the existing drawbacks. Secondly, the attitudes toward management needed to be changed from government to governance. Thirdly, equipment with new hardware and software technologies was needed for preparedness and prevention. The required measures in the above three areas should be taken simultaneously to exhibit the necessary effectiveness.

The climate change phenomenon is considered as one of the important environmental challenges in the 21st century. The most impacts of this phenomenon are focused on industries and establishments such as agriculture and fishery that is depended on natural resources. Resilience considered as a practical approach for compatibility of this phenomenon and the creation of sustainable development. Since networks, especially formal networks such as institutional networks, can play a key role in creating and promoting resilience against climate change, the present study is conducted through a network analysis approach and with the aim of fundamental analyses in the field of resilience against climate change. The statistical population of the present study consists of the small beneficiary owners in Tarom County in Zanjan province. Through network analysis, the dominant statistical method of the research considered as the sociometry and extraction of network centrality indices. According to the findings, two agencies namely Agriculture Jihad Organization, and Banks and Credit and Financial Institution play a major role in the educational information network and technical services, respectively. In the financial facilities network, banks and credit and financial institutions, and the Agricultural Jihad Organization rank first and second in providing the financial services and consulting, respectively. The findings demonstrated that many institutions that can play a constructive role in the field of resilience against climate change, such as the insurance organization, have been secluded and marginalized.

Because of intensity and short time of effectiveness on human communities, natural events and risks have turned into one of the primary concerns of urban planners and managers in past few years, Therefore, resilience as a proper approach for reduction of risks of crises and risks was adopted in the present study, The primary objective of this survey is measurement of resilience from institutional-organizational aspects so as to determine the capability to address natural events in Sanandaj City, In this regard, the statistical population of present study includes those families who live in three neighborhoods of Sanandaj City, Drawing on results of consensus in 2011, interviews with relevant authorities, and distribution of questionnaire, 383 families were chosen through Cochran’ s formula, In order to analyze the collected data, quantitative-survey methods were used, The analysis of collected data was done through SPSS Software and analytic network process (ANP) was done through Super Decisions Software which contributes to determination of significance of each item, The results of present study suggest that there is a significant association between resilience of sampled neighborhoods and their resilience from institutional-organizational and physical-environmental aspects, As a result, change of each aspect contributes to variation of resilience of families,

Due to its special natural and geographical conditions, the city of Tonekabon is susceptible to many shocks, including earthquakes and floods, which brings the need to pay attention to urban resilience. The present study was conducted to analyze the state of urban neighborhoods from the perspective of urban resilience components. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical method. The research's statistical population was comprised of citizens living in Tonekabon city. Using Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size was estimated to be 384 people. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, the validity of which was verified in the form of face and face validity, as well as divergent validity and reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Analysis of data and information was done using SPSS and PLS software programs. The findings of this research showed that the overall resilience of Tonekabon city is in an unfavorable situation. In such a way, the average experimental value obtained for the overall resilience of the city and its dimensions was lower than the average value of 3. Among the localities of the studied area, Karim Abad neighborhood, in which the overall average obtained was equal to 2.78, was in a better condition than other localities, and Tonekabon neighborhood, according to the average (2.39), was in an unfavorable condition among the studied localities. Among the other research findings, among the components of urban resilience, the physical factor with a path coefficient of 0.490 has the most significant impact and was ranked first, followed by the economic factor with a path coefficient of 0.348. In third place is the administrative, institutional factor with a path coefficient of 0.327 and in fourth place is the social dimension with a path coefficient of 0.264.